A filing cabinet (sometimes spelt as "file cabinet" in American English) is a type of office furniture utilized for storing paper documents in folders. In the simplest sense, it serves as the enclosure of a drawer where items are kept. The two most prevalent forms of filing cabinets are vertical and horizontal.

The purpose of a filing cabinet is not merely confined to the storage and safeguarding of physical documents; it also encompasses the management and protection of records, as well as the provision of evidence and reference when necessary. As the genuine record of history, it possesses the functions of proof and reference, and plays a crucial role in clarifying the truth, determining right and wrong, and making judgments or arbitrations in accordance with the law, etc. At the same time, archives are also first-hand reference materials and are of extensive reference value for people to investigate past circumstances, master historical materials, and study the laws of development of things, etc.